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African elephant
African elephants are elephants of the genus ''Loxodonta'' (from the Greek words ''loxo'' (oblique sided) and ''donta'' (tooth)). The genus consists of two extant species: the African bush elephant and the smaller African forest elephant. ''Loxodonta'' is one of two existing genera of the family, Elephantidae. Fossil remains of ''Loxodonta'' have been found only in Africa, in strata as old as the middle Pliocene.
== Description ==
One species of African elephant, the bush elephant, is the largest living terrestrial animal, while the forest elephant is the third largest. Their thickset bodies rest on stocky legs, and they have concave backs.〔 Their large ears enable heat loss.〔 The upper lip and nose form a trunk. The trunk acts as a fifth limb, a sound amplifier, and an important method of touch. African elephants' trunks end in two opposing lips,〔 whereas the Asian elephant trunk ends in a single lip.〔 In ''L. africana'', males stand tall at the shoulder and weigh , while females stand tall and weigh ; ''L. cyclotis'' is smaller with male shoulder heights of up to . The largest recorded individual stood at the shoulders and weighed .
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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